Development concept: Design a truly easy-to-use F1.2 bc.game lottery
Product bc.game lotteryd optical design mbc.game lotteryager: Atsuo Kikuchi
Q: Developbc.game lotteryg Sony’s first F1.2 shots，What goals have you set？
Kikuchi: Sony has released many large-aperture fixed-focus lenses，But we know that users all over the world want a faster and brighter large-aperture bc.game lottery，The one with the greatest demand is the 50mm "standard" (focal length) F1.2 large aperture G Master bc.game lottery。
Under development F1.2 large aperture bc.game lottery，While maintaining the high resolution and bokeh that is the hallmark of the G Master bc.game lottery series，Also consider the ease of use of the bc.game lottery。If only the size of the aperture is considered，And the bc.game lottery ended up being big and heavy，You will lose the compactness and lightness of the bc.game lottery and body combination，This means giving up the main advantage of the E-mount system。And no matter how good the optical performance of the bc.game lottery is，If excellent autofocus is not possible，Or autofocus cannot be achieved at all，I believe many users will not be satisfied。
To design the autofocus bc.game lottery with the largest aperture in Alpha history，Need to maintain professional control and portability without compromising autofocus performance，We use Sony’s most advanced technology。In addition to excellent optical performance，I believe users will also be interested in the large-caliber F1.2-bc.game lottery compact and lightweight design，and quiet、Satisfied with the fast and precise autofocus performance。
I think adding F1 to the Alpha series.2 behind the camera，Users’ creative possibilities will be further improved。It is a bc.game lottery that can be used by professional photographers and photography enthusiasts in various shooting subjects，For example, portrait、Wedding、Landscape and street photography。
Alpha series products already include Planar T*FE 50mm F1.4 ZA bc.game lottery，With the new FE 50mm F1.2 GM bc.game lottery comparison，Although F1.4 and F1.The difference between the maximum aperture of 2 sounds small，But it’s actually a half-stop aperture difference， F1.2 The additional light gathering of the 2 lenses requires the effective aperture (diameter) to be approximately 17% larger，or nearly 40% larger aperture area，This is designing a miniaturized F1.2 large aperture bc.game lottery，Major design and manufacturing obstacles。
Overcoming this problem involves many new challenges。One of them is through the use of multiple XA (Super Aspherical) lenses - a technology unique to Sony，Reduce the size of the front bc.game lottery，Also allows the bc.game lottery to achieve F1.2 large aperture，And effectively compensates for the aberrations that occur in large diameter lenses。
In order to effectively suppress aberration，The bc.game lottery adopts an independently driven floating focus system including two focus bc.game lottery groups，To effectively compensate for aberrations throughout the entire focus range, including the closest focus distance。
The focus drive uses Sony’s unique XD linear motor，High driving force and quietness。Four compact direct drive linear motors with precision control，Therefore, the design of multiple focusing bc.game lottery groups can effectively compensate for aberrations。
Finally，Achieved bc.game lottery length of only 108mm，Compact and lightweight design weighing only 778 grams，With the iconic resolution of G Master lenses，And can be combined with Sony Mirrorless™ to achieve fast speed、Precise and quiet autofocus and tracking performance。We designed such a great F1.2 shots and proud，Hope to help professional photographers and photography enthusiasts take better photos。
Uncompromisbc.game lotteryg optical design
High resolution at F1.2 abc.game lotteryrture
Kikuchi: In order to be in F1.Maintaining small dimensions in 2-format bc.game lottery，While achieving high optical performance，FE 50mm F1.2 GM uses Sony’s unique XA bc.game lottery，with resolution、Bokeh and chromatic aberration simulation technology。
Essentially, improving optical bc.game lotteryrformance is about reducing aberrations.
Historically，50mm lenses usually use Gaussian structure。Gaussian structure has groups of lenses，They are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central aperture，Can make the aberrations on both sides of the aperture cancel each other。Gaussian structure is particularly suitable for 50mm viewing angle，So most 50mm lenses in the past used bc.game lottery structure。
However，bc.game lottery symmetrical structure itself only compensates for the distortion and curvature of the image field，Does not effectively compensate for spherical aberration or sagittal flare。In short，bc.game lottery optical design will not give us the high aberration compensation performance we want。
As experienced camera users know，If there is not enough aberration compensation，It is impossible to achieve high resolution over the entire image range。Ideally，Point light sources (such as stars in the sky) should be focused into a single point in the image，But insufficiently compensated aberrations，May make them look like flying birds or diffuse spots of color。To solve this problem，User can reduce the aperture，But this will prevent the large aperture bc.game lottery from taking full advantage of itself。
We wanted the optical performance of this bc.game lottery，Can meet the demanding needs of users for shooting at the maximum aperture。For this，We broke the symmetrical design in the optical structure，And effectively suppresses aberrations that are difficult to control with symmetrical bc.game lottery designs。
To correct spherical aberration and sagittal flare，bc.game lottery with generally symmetrical structures tend to use larger front elements，And composed of many lenses。Our new optical design uses only three XA (Extra Aspherical) elements，Avoided enlarging the diameter of the front bc.game lottery，And reduce the number of lenses，Thus achieving an overall compact size。
bc.game lottery structure diagram
As the name suggests，The "aspheric" bc.game lottery surface curvature of the XA bc.game lottery is not constant，It will change from the center to the edge。The three XA lenses used in this bc.game lottery all use Sony’s unique optical simulation technology，The shape of the bc.game lottery has been optimized through multiple iterations。
The surface accuracy of the XA lenses used in the G Master bc.game lottery series has been as low as sub-micron level。F1 of this bc.game lottery2 large aperture and larger outer diameter bc.game lottery，Requires three XA lenses used in the manufacturing process，The accuracy of each step must be substantially improved，To achieve the higher surface accuracy required，This is the highest level manufacturing challenge we have ever faced。But after integrated design，And improving the manufacturing process at every step，Facing new technological challenges helped us achieve large diameter and high-precision XA lenses。
Let’s take a look at the bc.game lottery structure diagram (above)，The second XA bc.game lottery in the front row helps to a large extent in reducing the number of lenses required in the front group，And also helps reduce its size and weight。Use large diameter aspherical bc.game lottery in this position，Manufacturing precision is currently only possible by us，This huge advantage underpins the compact F1.2 The entire optical design of the bc.game lottery。
Sony’s unique color difference simulation technology is used to optimize the combination of glass materials，Effectively reduces chromatic aberration and dispersion，Despite the challenge of large aperture，But still achieves a high level of resolution and contrast，In line with the quality of the G Master bc.game lottery series。
When an optical engineer looks at the bc.game lottery block diagram，They sometimes think "this design doesn't do much to correct aberrations"。(laughing) as an engineer，My goal is to use the fewest lenses to achieve the most effective aberration correction。In other words，Is seeking to be able to maintain optical performance while，Providing a compact solution for the overall bc.game lottery。FE 50 mm F1 from above.2 It can be seen in the GM structure diagram，There is no waste or compromise in this design，The curvature of all lenses is repeatedly considered for its effect on aberrations。I want users to experience and enjoy the combination of compactness and optical performance that comes with the final optical design。
F1.2 bc.game lottery brings smooth and rich bokeh
Kikuchi: F1.2 lenses are known for their rich and soft bokeh，This bc.game lottery has more than just rich bokeh，Also has a smooth, buttery soft bokeh feature，Achieve the iconic background blur effect of G Master bc.game lottery。Especially for portrait photography，Soft bokeh makes the subject stand out naturally，This is very important for taking photos with beautiful background blur effect。Bokeh is a very important thing，It makes bc.game lottery design difficult，But we need to improve it，To satisfy users’ requirements for F1.2 Expectations of a large aperture G Master bc.game lottery。
Start from the earliest stages of design，We conducted repeated bokeh simulations and adjustments，To identify the ideal level of spherical aberration，bc.game lottery allows us to optimize bokeh and resolution together without affecting either。
In addition，The spacing bc.game lottery lenses is also adjusted individually during the manufacturing process to precisely control spherical aberration - mastering the complex balance between foreground and background bokeh，To achieve a beautiful overall effect。
XA lenses can not only meet high resolution，Control surface accuracy to sub-micron level，Also suppresses streakbc.game lotteryg and "onion rbc.game lotteryg" effects bc.game lottery spherical bokeh。
[1-1] Traditional aspherical bc.game lottery surface [1-2] Poor bokeh effect [2-1] XA (Advanced Aspherical) bc.game lottery surface [2-2] Soft bokeh effect
Mechbc.game lotteryical design mbc.game lotteryager: Yuichiro Takata
bc.game lotterykada:The 11 circular aperture blades also make soft and beautiful bokeh possible。The bc.game lottery adopts a newly developed aperture unit，Almost round shape can be maintained even after shrinking two steps。
Due to F1.2 is the large aperture，So in regular design，The aperture blades will naturally be large。And when the aperture is open，The large blade must be moved outside the optical path and exceed the escape space of the effective diameter，This will increase the outer diameter of the bc.game lottery itself。To reduce the size of the aperture unit，We had to redesign everything，Including everything from blade shape to drive mechanism components。
Abc.game lotteryrture unit is very important for determining abc.game lotteryrture value and exposure。Reduce component size，Meaning the need for higher precision in the processing and assembly accuracy of each component。By insbc.game lotterycting machining and assembly processes，Achieve the coexistence of miniaturization and high precision。
Abc.game lotteryrture unit
Maintains circular abc.game lotteryrture even when contracted two stops
Linear direct drive motor: bc.game lotterye key to miniaturization
Takata: To achieve high optical bc.game lotteryrformance and autofocus，Requires close coobc.game lotteryration between mechanical and software control teams。
As I explained before，Maintain high performance throughout the entire focus range，Requires two focus groups composed of multiple elements。And F1.2The large diameter of the bc.game lottery will inevitably increase the weight of the focusing bc.game lottery group。Increasing the weight of the focusing bc.game lottery will affect the image focusing speed，And increased noise and vibration when the focus motor is operating。
The question is how to do it without sacrificing autofocus sbc.game lotteryed，Maintain excellent resolution and bokeh levels。The solution is to use Sony’s own direct-drive XD linear motor for focusing。
Autofocus bc.game lotteryd mechbc.game lotteryical design
F1.2 abc.game lotteryrture enables fast and precise autofocus
Takada: In F1.High-bc.game lotteryrformance autofocus on 2 lenses，The biggest challenge is the high focus accuracy required to achieve shallow depth of field。
Even if the maximum aperture is F1.2，I can’t say it is a “easy-to-use” bc.game lottery，Unless it provides excellent autofocus accuracy and tracking focus performance，But this is technically difficult to achieve。This bc.game lottery combines a variety of new technologies，Even in F1.2 enables fast and high-precision autofocus even with an extremely shallow depth of field。Four parts contribute the most: floating focus structure；XD linear motor；Four focus position sensors；And the balance optimization of the center of gravity of the two focusing bc.game lottery groups。
The floating focus structure not only improves optical performance，Separating the focusing bc.game lottery group into two parts can also reduce the weight of each group，This helps achieve fast and accurate autofocus。
On the other hand，Precise alignment accuracy is essential for achieving F1.2 Full resolution performance is crucial。Precisely synchronized movement of the two larger and heavier focus bc.game lottery groups driven by Sony’s unique XD linear motor，Thus achieving fast and accurate focusing。Although the XD linear motor is small，But the driving force is very high。
F1.2’s shallow depth of field leaves no room for error when shooting，So four position sensors are used to track the focus bc.game lottery group，To ensure that its precise location is always known。
Last，In order to effectively utilize the thrust of the XD linear motor without loss，And make it easier to balance the center of gravity of the two focusing bc.game lottery groups，A fixed optical component is inserted between the two focusing bc.game lottery groups。This aligns the thrust point of the motor with the center of gravity of each focusing bc.game lottery group，Thus maximizing power transmission efficiency and eliminating lost thrust，Helps further achieve rapidity、Precise and quiet autofocus。
Drive control bc.game lotteryrson in charge: Yuki Mizuno
Mizuno: Please allow me to add more information about bc.game lotterye focus motor。
First，This bc.game lottery uses a total of four direct drive XD linear motors，Two focusing bc.game lottery groups are assigned two motors respectively。
Each motor is designed based on Sony’s unique motor design simulation data。Advances in motor design simulation technology make it possible to develop efficient motors，Although size is strictly limited，But still generates enough power，And has very high reliability in various harsh environments。Motor with the best design specifications and dimensions for the bc.game lottery，Helps achieve compactness without compromising performance。
Generally speaking，Rotary motor is used to drive heavier focusing bc.game lottery groups，But cams and gears that convert rotation into linear motion inevitably result in power losses，And many mechanical parts produce noise and vibration。
For high performance F1.This won’t work for 2 lenses，So we decided to use a small but powerful motor to drive the focusing bc.game lottery linearly directly，Using XD linear motor for fast speed、Silent and low vibration。
But since bc.game lotterye linear motor does not have a reduction mechanism，So in order to achieve fast and accurate autofocus，Requires very sensitive control。
Specifically，The four sensors I mentioned earlier accurately detect the position of the focusing bc.game lottery group，And provide this position data to the control system with a fast feedback cycle，Thus improving response speed，This also utilizes Sony’s unique control simulation technology。Many modes of camera movement and stopping have been completely simulated over and over again，And tested and analyzed on actual hardware。Finally adjusted to allow the drive to move smoothly from acceleration to standstill - the best choice for this shot。
bc.game lottery fine control reduces drive noise and vibration to very low levels，so that the user may wonder whether the camera is moving。XD direct drive linear motor controlled by software，Provides maximum autofocus and response speed，Allows us to create compact lenses with excellent optical performance。
bc.game lottery to meet Sony’s current and future body needs
Kikuchi: I also want to talk about F1.How 2 lenses make full use of the performance of the camera body。Sony developed all essential components from the system level，Includes image sensor，The camera and bc.game lottery are therefore developed simultaneously in-house as an overall system。When we develop interchangeable lenses，We must also take care of the future development of the fuselage，To enable the bc.game lottery to get the best performance from future bodies。
Of course，This bc.game lottery is ideal for use with the new Alpha 1 released in January 2021，Can perform 30fps continuous shooting，8K and 4K 120p high resolution video shooting。We also try to predict the future trend of airframes，Our goal is to pursue more than just meeting the needs of current airframes，Can also meet the high image quality and high performance needs of future models。
Reliability bc.game lotteryd ease of use
Professibc.game lotteryal cbc.game lotterytrol
Takata: The bc.game lottery we developed also has no compromise on operability，So it can meet the needs of professional photographers。
For example，Despite its compact appearance，But customizable focus hold buttons are provided on the top and side of the bc.game lottery，Shooting portraits in either horizontal or vertical positions，All have the same professional operating experience。
Mizuno: We are designing FE 50 mm F1.2 GM also considered manual focus，Especially the position of the focus ring，Focus on torque and feel during rotation。The bc.game lottery is equipped with a linear response manual focus system，Allows the focus ring to respond directly and linearly，To ensure precise focus adjustment，Reacts even to small movements of the focus ring。At F1.2 hours，High requirements for position accuracy，But we developed a bc.game lottery to meet that need。
Rugged and durable, can be used bc.game lottery complex and harsh environments
Kikuchi: The bc.game lottery is well sealed，Prevents dirt，Dust and water splash – Dust and moisture-proof design provides users with assurance。
The fluoride coating on the front bc.game lottery can reduce water stains on the bc.game lottery surface、Oil、Change of dust and other contaminants。
Mizuno: We also considered changes in ambient temperature，For example, the properties of mechanical and electrical components (such as the thrust of a focus motor) change with changes in environment and temperature。The software of this bc.game lottery can independently calculate various control parameters，To continuously optimize performance，Maintain accuracy even under harsh conditions。
Finally，Even when shooting in harsh conditions in the wild, such as extremely cold or hot environments，Users can also shoot with confidence using this high-performance bc.game lottery。
An F1.2 bc.game lottery worth owning
Kikuchi: As an optical designer，I can say that without exaggeration，This bc.game lottery is the pinnacle of the G Master bc.game lottery series，With high resolution and excellent bokeh。I look forward to users experiencing this F1 for themselves.2 bc.game lottery brings soft background blur effect and high resolution。
Although the maximum aperture reaches F1.2，But this bc.game lottery strikes a balance between compactness and high performance，And has many professional functions。The bc.game lottery contains many new technologies from Sony，So being a bc.game lottery engineer，I would love to see users using it to shoot various subjects。
Mizuno: This is a bc.game lottery that can be used for a variety of shooting subjects，Meet the different shooting needs of professional photographers and enthusiasts。It is not only suitable for shooting portraits, weddings and other subjects，High-performance autofocus also makes it excellent at capturing fleeting moments，For example, tracking fast-moving objects at sporting events。
Takata: bc.game lottery compact FE 50 mm F1.2 GM lenses also offer excellent performance for video shooting。When shooting handheld or using a stabilizer，Even in F1.2’s autofocus performance makes it easy to track subjects even when the depth of field is shallow。Excellent autofocus and quiet & smooth aperture ring，Precise and responsive manual focus ring combined，Make cameramen more popular。I hope users will enjoy bc.game lottery new form of video visual expression。
By providing a new shooting experience，This bc.game lottery fully reflects the value and potential of the G Master bc.game lottery series。
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